The wildlife-domestic interface occurs only when wildlife come in direct contact with any domestic animal.

• A. True
• B. False
• C. Sometimes
• D. Not specified

Answer: (B)

The wildlife-domestic interface is defined by any situation where exchange of pathogens between wildlife and domestic animals could occur, not just when they touch directly. Indirect exposure through the environment—shared water, feed, bedding, soil, or contaminated equipment—can transmit pathogens. Vectors such as ticks, fleas, or mosquitoes can move between wildlife and domestic animals, creating transmission opportunities without direct contact. For example, wildlife using the same water source as livestock can contaminate it; wild birds can introduce pathogens to poultry via contaminated litter or feed. Because these indirect pathways exist, the statement is not accurate. The interface includes both direct and indirect contacts.